[الدانهـ..}]

الله يسعدكم عندي ارتيكل وابغى بس النقاط المهمة اللي فيهاا{يعني يـا سمـري أو برافريــز}, (أنا طلعت 5 نقاط يمكن بس احسها شوي , ابغى نقاااط تكون حلوه تنفع للبريزنتيشن)..

Lawrence goes on to say that he never got over those tags, those tight little moralisms:”I rankle with them still.” Intellectual history in America went in two major directions during the eighteenth century. There was Jonathan Edwards, who wanted souls at white heat, who wanted a great and continuing awakening, who was driven to assimilate a new science into orthodox puritan doctrine and there was Benjamin Franklin. Benjamin Franklin‘s practical moralism had the most appeal, was most in step with the times, and Willy Loman‘s America is Benjamin Franklin‘s America, certainly, not Edwards‘s. Ben Franklin, Lawrence said, created a God convenient enough to allow him to pursue his own heart‘s desire. Virtue would bring a man money, said Ben. Money was nothing to be ashamed of in fact, it was a manifestation of virtue. Gold coins were God‘s smiles. The man of means would be likely to find, too, that he had enough love and respect. Not necessarily in Europe: for two Centuries now Europeans have been shocked and embarrassed by frank American discussions of incomes and profits and costs. But to Ben the way to get it all, the practical way and perfect way and virtuous way, was to go after it , go after it , , go after it convinced that it was your destiny and God‘s will for you to get it. Play it clean and straight, of course, as far as this was possible, as long as this did not prove too inconvenient.
Now, willy loman has never heard of jonathan edwards, and has never read benjamin franklinÒ but his is benjamin franklin‘s dream, and willy‘s brother Ben- it does not matter whether the name is coincidence or intention- is a walking talking franklin, sort of a ghost of america‘s past that willy calls up . miller knows:Ben says to Biff, never fight fair with a stranger boy. you will never get out of the jungle that way. why even Ben franklin‘s wife was primarily a convenience for him. franklin was the sort of man who would borrow a book from you and never read it and return it with great thanks and then know that you would be on his side because people like people they can do something for willy‘s brother Ben laughs lustily when he hears that Biff has been stealing lumber and willy himself is seen as straining constantly to justify himself and his life and his sons to Ben but next to Ben and next to Ben franklin willy is of course an innocent and so are his sons. at one point Ben tips Biff and stands over him the point of his umbrella poised over Biff‘s eye. still, just before he kills himself willy is saying Ben Ben where do I ...? Ben how do I ...? these are gestures and words of great depth. indeed how can willy reach out and take hold of happiness and meaning? for Ben has retreated into the past and left willy behind with only a dream of being respected and successful and loved. nothing helps not even those moral tags with which willy is filled those tags that Lawrence wanted to spit out . never leave a job till you are finished , says willy . Be quiet fine and serious . Everybody likes a kidder , but nobody lends him money, says willy. personality always wins the day, says willy. moral america! exclaims lawrence. lawrence saw willy loman coming to die. willy is Ben‘s boy and as I watch or read the play I know and feel this and I am hurt by it. this is one thing.
another thing is that in salesman what we could call details of the american landscape explode for me. willy‘s lost elms the horrible tearing scene in which he attempts to plant seeds , Biff‘s desire to work out in the open with his shirt off, the picture of willy‘s father banging around the country in a horse- drawn wagon- these are truths of the american heart. these may be exaggerations but if so miller exaggerates the way St.Jean de crevecoeur exaggerated with his picture of the farmer plowing the heavenly dreamground of america. truths reside in these exaggerations.

الله يوفقكم ابغاها ضرووري لانو كمان بشرح هذي النقاااط ^_^