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Chapter 1
Brief definitions of the following terms.
Sociolinguistic the study of language in its social context.
Sociology of language. The focus is about the language's effect on the society.
Anthropology. Is the study of humankind, past and present.
Linguistic Anthropology. Is the interdisciplinary study of how language influences social
Life.
Social context. Immediate physical and social setting in which people live orin which something happens or develops.
Quantitative study language. Summary Language understanding, as tested by the Token Test, was compared in two groups.
Language variation. Variation in the regional and social background of a person
Language change. Comes from, how and why changes happen, and how languages begin and end.
Linguistic variable. Linguistic variable we mean a variable whose values are words or sentences in a natural or artificial language. For example, Age is a linguistic variable if its values are linguistic rather than
Numerical

Social variable.
Social desirability is used in reference (1) to scale values of personality statements and (2) to the tendency of subjects to attribute to themselves statements which are desirable and reject those which are undesirable.
Social dialect variation. Geographical (dialects). Social dialects (sociolects).
Sociolect. Language usage varies among social classes or groups.
Social class. Everyone is dealt four cards, one from each suit: education, income, occupation and wealth, the four commonly used criteria for gauging class.
Accent. Refers to differences in pronunciation only.
Idiolect. Individual’s unique way of speaking. It contains idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual’s speech.
Mutual intelligibility. To solve the problem of dialect and language continuums.
Mutual unintelligibility if they cannot understand each other.
Language continuum. Anything that goes through a gradual transition from one condition, to a different condition, without any abrupt changes.
Dialect continuum. Involving a merger of two languages.
Language autonomy. (Independence) Language
Language heteronomy. (Dependence) Language.
Standard language. The Standard variety is that variety of a language which is usually used in print, Spoken by educated people, Taught in schools
Variety of language. Are often referred to as ‘dialects’.
Superposed variety of language. A Standard variety.
Linguistic prestige. Superposed variety.
Rule-governed linguistic system. All dialects of a language are…. diglossia which means there are two levels of the language high and low.