تحديد مادة مقدمه في اللغويات 321 للفصل الصيفي 1431هـ

[ال الشيخ]

الدرس العاشر

10 Semantics
تعريف من عند الدكتور فوزي حفظه الله
is a sub brunch and linguistics which is concered with the structure and meaning and words

Synonymy
Two or more words with very closely related meanings are called synonyms
almost/nearly, big/large, broad/wide, buy/purchase,
cab/taxi, car/automobile, couch/sofa, freedom/liberty.

Antonymy
Two forms with opposite meanings are called antonyms. Some common
examples are the pairs: alive/dead, big/small, fast/slow, happy/sad, hot/cold,
long/short, male/female, married/single, old/new, rich/poor, true/false.

Hyponymy
When the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another, the
relationship is described as hyponymy.
وطبعا الشكل اخر صفحة 105
living thing
creature plant
animal insect vegetable flower tree
dog horse snake ant cockroach carrot rose banyan pine
poodle asp


Polysemy
Whenwe encounter two or morewords with the same formand related meanings,
we have what is technically known as polysemy. Polysemy can be defined as
one form (written or spoken) having multiple meanings that are all related by
extension. Examples are the word head, used to refer to the object on top of your
body, on top of a glass of beer, person at the top of a company or department,
and many other things. Other examples of polysemy are foot (of person, of bed,
of mountain) or run (person does, water does, colors do).
If we aren’t sure whether different uses of a single word are examples of
homonymy or polsemy,

Metonymy


انتهى الدرس العاشر

لا تنسونا من دعواتكم فهي الباقيه