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[كاتيوشا]

ambiguityThe condition whereby any linguistic form has two or more interpretations

anomalous sentenceA meaningless sequence of words which deviates from the rules for sentence formation

antonymA word that is opposite in meaning to another word; good and bad are antonyms

arbitrarinessThe characteristic of language such that there is no natural

compoundA word made of two or more independent words: armchair

connotationThe personal associations produced by words; cf. denotation

contradictionThe relation between two propositions

demonstrativeApplied to forms that have the function of identifying by proximity to the speaker: this, that

denotationThe objective relationship between a linguistic form and its referent.

extensionThe class of entities which a lexeme denotes

homonymsWords with the same pronunciation but different meanings: club

hyponymA word whose referent is included in the referent of a more general

modalityThe expression of necessity, possibility and probability, often through
modal verbs

morphemeThe smallest contrastive unit of meaning: a single word like cat

paradigmaticThe relation of items that can substitute for one another at
the same place in a sentence.

paraphraseAn alternative way of expressing the content of a sentence

referenceThe relation between a language form and some physical entity,
which is the referent of that sign

utteranceA stretch of speech by one person

synonymA word that is equivalent in sense to another word

tenseThe expression of time in a verb

sentenceA grammatical construction that is complete in itself

semanticsThe study of meaning expressed by language