الأدوية التخديرية

[سلطان حكمي]

أقدم لكم بعض الأدوية التخديرية والمستخدمة في غرف العمليات فقط:-



Propofol / DIPRIVAN

Type
Hypnotic



Dose
2 mg/kg



Pharmacodynamics


Central nervous system CNS


Unconsciousness 30-45


rapid reawakening


Decreases intracranial pressure ICP


Cardiovascular system
Decreases in arterialpressure


No changes Heart rate


Respiratory system
Decreases respiratory system



Other effects
Venous irritation
May cause pain during IV
Less nausea and vomiting
Myoclonus



طرق تخفيف ألم الPropofol
1- أستخدام Cannula larg
2- أعطاء Lidocaine
3- وضعه في الثلاجة قبل الاستخدام
ملاحظة:-
Bacterial growth is a problem
لذلك لا يمكن إبعاده عن الثلاجة

Thyopental

Type


Hypnotic



Dose


3-6 mg/kg IV





is barbitturates
Unconsciousness 30-45
rapid reawakening
(Alkaline( PH >10
(Concentration (2.5
half-life= 12 hours



Pharmacodynamics


Central nervous system CNS
Unconsciousness
Cerebral vasoconstriction
Decrease in cerebral bolism
Decrease cerebral blood flow CPF
Decreases intracranial pressure ICP


Cardiovascular system
Cause venodilation
myocardial contractility


Respiratory system
decrease respiratory rate



Other effects
Laryngospasm
Venous irritation and tissue damage
Allergy



ملاحظة:-


1- لا يعطي ال Thyopentalإلا IV لان ( PH >10)
2- جرعة ال 500مل تحلل ب 20سم
3- جرعة 1G تحلل ب 40سم

Type



Hypnotic And Analgesic



Dose
1-2 mg\kg IV
5-10 mg\kg IM



Unconsciousness 30-60 sec
duration 15-20 min
half-life= 2-3 hours
somatic analgesic



Pharmacodynamics


Central nervous system CNS
Amnesia
Icreases cerebral blood flow
CBF
Increases intracranial pressure ICP


Cardiovascular system
Increases heart rate
Used hemodynamically


Respiratory system
Alleviates bronchospasm



Adverse effects
Oral secretions
Hallucination
myoclonic movement
Increases intracranial pressure ICP
Increases intraocular pressure
mydriasis
nystagmus


ملاحظة:-
يعطي معه midazolamحتى لا تحدث هلوسة

Type


Hypnotic



Dose


0.3 mg\kg IV



Pharmacodynamics


Central nervous system CNS


Hypnotic
No analgesic
Sedative



Cardiovascular system
No changes



Respiratory system
No changes


Adverse effects
myoclonus
nauses
Vomiting
Adrenal suppression
Venous irritation