446 لا يفوتكم ملخص يحب قلبك وابي الدرجات فوق 80 الهمه يا شباب

[الهــــــاجري]

السلام عليكم ورحمه الله وبركاته
اولا الشكر الجزيل للاخ اكسبرت على جهوده الجباره من خلال الدورات التاهيليه الله لا يحرمه الاجر
هذا ملخص او بالاحرى دليل لما هو مذكور في الدوره التاهيليه ومقارنته مع الاوراق المهمه اعيد صياغه الاسىله الى صيغه اسىله مباشره تلخيص بعض التعاريف كذلك محاوله لمعرفه صيغه الاسىله المتوقعه من الدكتور اتوقع لمن ذاكر هالملخص يجيب 80 فاعلى باذن الله وانا والا هالماده لانه بصراحه بعد 447 والاسىله اللي جات قلت ابذل جهد لاستنباط وتوقع بعض الاسىله وتذكرت الاخوه بالمنتدى في حوسه قلت انزل هالنماذج لعلها تصيبنا دعوه طيبه طبعا اذا فيه اي خطآ يا ليت الاخوان ينبهون عليه الملخص من ثلاث اجزا

هذي بعض التعاريف والتي قد تآتي بصيغه اكمل الفراغ او صح ا خطآ او سؤال مباشر

literature:-Literature can be studies very usefully in terms of three interconnected contexts: the contexts of language,history and culture

Formalist criticism:-emphasizes the work as independent creation it looks at the text as something to be studied in itself.It likes engineering work

deconstructionists criticism:-deconstruction, or deconstructive or poststructuralist criticism ,can almost be characterized as the opposite of everything formalist criticism stand for. It argues that a work of art has no coherent meaning at the center

Marxist criticism:-its kind of criticism sees literature as the product of economic forces of the period.May the writer represent the low class in the society

Feminist criticism:-grew out of the women’s movement’s of the 1960s,the women can write about their problems by themselves and the men can't write about their own problems

biographical:-one kind of historical research

new model:-is the readers use their knowledge of the language system and literary conventions to create their version of the text

old model:-author>text>reader the readers job is to understand the “meaning” and contained to the text

reader response:-is chiefly concerned with the readers own response to the text

polyvalent reading:-Its kind of reading that produces a variety of responses and interpretations

repertoire:-Knowledge about literature and beliefs

overdetermination:-When we say the reading is always over-determined we mean that is the product of multiple or various interconnected factors

ideology:-Ideology refers to the shared through very diverse believes,assumptions,habits and practices of a particular society,the ideology has an impact on our perception of the world and interpretation

strong reader:-Is the kind of reading that goes against the grain of the text

evocative word:-Evocative words are the words that trigger off multiple associations

الجزآ الثاني عباره عن آسىله موجوده في المذكره على صيغه صح او خطآ الترم اللي طاف جات على صيغه اكمل الفراغ وبعضها مكرر من التعاريف اللي فوق

The course offered us new ways of thinking about the literature.It encourage students to read critically

Formalist criticism deals primarily with the text and not with any of the outside considerations.

Reader-response criticism is concerned with the reader’s own response to the text.

The historical approach takes into account the author’s life,world and background before looking at a certain literary work.

A strong reading is the kind of reading that goes ‘against the grain’ of the text.

According to the new reading model reader’s interact with the texts creating their version of it.

Evocative words trigger off multiple emotional suggestions.

The opining paragraph of stephen Crane’s “The Open Boat”pays close attention to the deion of the wave.

Reading a play or a pome polyvalently means that the reader is mainly concerned with variety of interpretation or response it creates for him.

One possible meaning of “a dark city” is a city with no electricity.

The reader’s former experience has impact whatsoever in determining the meaning of words.

Through we communicate to other people concepts such as love,justice and integrity, the meaning of these concepts has not remained the
same throughout historical periods.

All historical texts offer us many version of history , an interpretation , which is not wholly objective.

Language is more than tool of communication.


The term Ideology refers to the shared through very diverse believes,assumptions,habits and practices of a particular society.
It is difficult to isolate the reader or detach him from the social,culture,political and psychological forces that deeply influence his interpretation of text.

literature can be studied very useful in terms of three interconnected contexts: the context of language , history and culture.

An indeterminate phrase is a phrase that has un definite meaning.

Part of the pleasure of reading poetry is becoming aware of the multiple possibilities of reading.

In Blake’s “London”,certain words and the associations they accumulate carry the ideological conflicts.

كل اللي سبق يعتبر تعاريف واساسيات للتطبيقها على النص او القصيده الان ناتي للجزآ الثالث اغلب الاسله في هذا الجز شرح او تطبيق على نص معين طبعا النموذج هذا موجود كذلك في الاوراق المهمه الي وزعت علينا اتوقع يجيب اسىله من هذا النموذج راح تكون اسله مباشره او شرح

1-Give as many possible interpretations to the following words or phrases:
blackberry and dark city?
blackberry: means those big juicy fruits you find on bushes or pies or jams.
interestingly,there are some connotations that students may have about blackberry:
1.Some student see the word as signifying anything natural or associated with nature [blackberry is a kind of symbol for all that is living]
2.for a women blackberry is related to “desire is full of endless distances”
3.for a student whose repertoire includes picking blackberries as a child,blackberry may remark in rather shocked horror blackberry means something hard to find but when you get it it is all worth the trouble.
dark city it can be city without electricity.
dark city has a lot of interpretations as follows:
1.palace 2.terrifying city 3.midnight 4.terror 5.excitement 6.helplessness
7.bitterness 8.condemnation
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2-What do you mean by polyvalent text?
polyvalent reading:Its kind of reading that produces a variety of responses and interpretations.
polyvalent text mean that a text recognizes that multiple readings are possible and desirable.Some text [most of the text we term “literature”]encourage polyvalent readings and in some people’s eyes reading polyvalent is a distinguishing mark of reading literature.To read a polyvalently is to produce a variety of responses and interpretations.
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3/What does it mean that words are evocative?
Evocative words are the words that trigger off multiple associations.For example ,at foaming,thrust,barbarously are not used primarily for information,they can be used for their affective power to sway the emotions of their readers.Also, evocative words invite a much more complex experience than merely recording fact.
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4/How would three different critics approach the opening passage of Stephen Crane’s “the open boat”?
1/No one-to-one correspondence exists between signifiers and signifieds,that is words have multiple meanings no one of which can be said to be :correct”.
2/different readers attach different signifieds to the signifiers in a text and thereby readers help to create the texts they read.
3/the relationship between signifiers and signifieds is culture {and the existence of different signifieds in language can lead to marked differences in the ways different language users perceive the work.

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5/Write one or two sentences to describe reading text?
when we say reading texts we generally mean the reading of literature.This implies that the skills of reading are directed
to a very specific kind of reading are directed to a very specific kind of experience.When you read “literature”you expect to gain some pleasure that you associate with reading literary texts such as emotional uplift,hummer,insights into the human condition in additional to gaining information.
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لا تنسونا من خالص دعاكم

[alharbino]

جزاك الله ألف خير ونور لك كل دروبك في الدنيا والآخرة

[THE EXPERT]

شكرا لك

وبالتوفيق للجميع

[الديحاني 993]

شاكرين ومقدرين لكم هذا مع تمنياتي للجميع بالتوفيق

[مليح السجايا]

بارك الله فيك

تعاريف مهمة واختصرت الشي الكثيرعلينا

وفقك الله وعقبال ال 90 يارب

[جيل الأوائل]

أسأل الله عز وجل أن يوفقك في الدنيا و الأخره

[الهــــــاجري]

تتمه باقي الاسىله

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6/how does crane describe the waves and why dose he do that?in other words what effect does their deion create?
crane describes the waves as they were of the hue of slate ,save for the tops,which were of foaming white and all these deions gave its readers some information in addition to inviting a much more complex experience that merely recording facts. crane did this as the words were chosen for their affective power to sway the emotions of their readers.
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7/mention two universal themes treated in Edmund wallers poem Go lovely Rose?
love and death
feeling and attitude
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8/what do we mean by an indeterminate phrase and how do you apply that to Robert Burn’s line “O My Love’s Like a red,red rose”?
indeterminate phrase means ambiguous phrase that so general in its application that it need to be filled out with the reader’s own personal meaning.
when reader’s read Robert Burn’s line “O My Love’s Like a red,red rose” they may ask what is my love?
to clarify this point as you read this line , who is your love?
is she aggressive,witty,intelligent,beautiful,carefree,co nsiderate,bad-tempered?as readers read my love they bring their own meaning to this indeterminate phrase.

9/what is meant by strong reading and how does it apply to Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler?
strong reading is a reading or a response that attempts to be very self-conscious about its assumptions and goals.Such a reading may go “against the grain”of a text for any reason:the reader’s ideology differes vastly from that the literary work the, the reader perceive significances in the work that could not have been part of the authors repertoire, the reader deliberately tries to read from an alternative perspective,such as a feminism or a religious perspective.
we can apply the previous definition of strong reading to Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler as you may find that you are not sympathetic to the character of Hedda in Ibsen’s play hedda gabler,although you feel that the text wants you to be sympathetic to her.You may argue that anyone silly to marry such a dull man as Tesman,and anyone crud enough to burn the manu of a man she loves,deserves her fate.In other words, you may refuse to see Hedda as a victim of circumstance as your general repertoire suggests to you that people are responsible foe their own destinies.
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10/Comment on these two sentences “The veil is enforced in Islamic school” And “Women wear the veil in Islamic school” ?
the first sentences “The veil is enforced in Islamic school” indicate that it is obligatory for all girls to wear the veil in order to join the islamic schools.
the second sentences “Women wear the veil in Islamic school” indicate that it is a habit for the girls who join the islamic school to wear the veil and it is not obligatory for all girls to wear the veil.
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11/Referring to Bradstreet’s poem ,how do you interpret its first line
“If ever two were one then surely we”?
Tis poem asserts the value of meaning and a lot of readers admire Bradstreets assertion of a certain degree of equality in an age when it was not taken for granted.
Thus i could interpret the first line “if ever two were one ,then surely we “ is not assuming the same kind of equality that readers of today probably would do due to the important historical differences between the time and the place [Colonial America]in which the poem was written and the time and the place today.
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12/How do modern readers interpret the line “I love you forever” and how is it different from what it meant for the Puritans?
Modern readers interpret the line “I love you forever” in the meaning that he or she will love his or her beloved forever in this live.However the puritan will interpret this line in the meaning that when the loving couple die,they will live forever in a life after death.

13.what do we mean by “colonial america”?
we mean the place or period in which the poem or the text was written to the extent that this can show some important historical differences for the readers.
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14/Give at least two different view of the character of Macbeth?
1.Some people might see Macbeth as the study of a noble , ambitious, but flawed hero.
2.Another group might see Macbeth as the study of a pernicious murder and his vicious wife.

[aziz101]

جزاك الله خير

[الديحاني 993]

تم انشاء هذا الملخص على شكل ملف word بعد التعديلات البسيطة تفضلو

[ابـو حـمـد]

ألف شكر لك والله ماقصرت ولك مني جزيل الشكر والدعاء ،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،،