كل من تخصصة علاج طبيعي يتفضل بالدخول نحتاج مساعدة..؟!

[دكتورة المستقبل]

الســــــــــلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته؛؛:

حبيت انكم تساعدوني انا تخصصي علاج طبيعي ومطلوب على بحث فيvalidity of manual muscle testingوفا ياليت اي احد عندة معلومات يساعدني لان اخر موعد للتسليم يوم السبت وانا متورطة بسراحة
وشكرا.........

[weddah]

ما عندي معلومات كثيرة الصراحة
بس عندي محاضرة من الترم اللي فات عن Validity

انزلها وان شاء الله تفيدك في شي

Validity: means that a test actually measures what it is supposed to measure. In muscle testing, therapists are testing the strength of a specific muscle. For a muscle test to be valid, the therapist must know the location and function of the muscle being tested and the location and function of surrounding muscles. Validity of assessment means that the therapists evaluate exactly what they are going to do and that the results are correct or true.

Types of validity:
1. Face validity:
Many of the measurements used in physical therapy clinical practice appear to be based on the assumption of face validity i.e. they are assumed valid as a result of inference. Face validity for a measurement is a lot-like the shine on a new car. It is a nice thing to have but you can not get very far more than nice. Face validity is the appearance of a justifiable use for a measurement but does not mean there have any data or theory to support the use.
2. Construct validity:
Construct validity of a measurement is made through the logic; used existing knowledge. It is a theoretical form of validity which supports the use of a measurement for a specific inference. There is no absolute way of knowing when measurement has construct validity. The manual muscle test was developed with a clear construct in mind. When poliomyelitis was widespread, manual muscle test was developed to characterize the weakness caused by the effect of the virus on anterior horn cells. The construct was simple: fully innervated muscles can generate more tension than partially innervated muscles; while totally denervated muscles can generate no tension.
3. Content validity:
Content validity deals with how measurement schemes relate to their constructs, i.e. relating a measuring tool to a general theoretical framework in order to determine whether this tool tied to the theoretical assumption. The classic test of content validity is to ask whether we have chosen an adequate constellation of items to measure from the universe of items, defined by our construct.
4. Criterion-related validity:
Construct validity deals with the theoretical basis for a measurement. Content validity deals with implementation of theory. Both construct and content validity are based on theory and can never be directly tested. This is in contrast to criterion-related validity. Criterion-related validity represents the ultimate test of validity. To demonstrate criterion-related validity, a measurement is compared to a criterion to determine whether or not the inference was appropriate. The measurement is tested by comparing it to something else, the criterion.