Microeconomics مهم جدآ

7oooor · #1 21-10-2010, 02:35 PM

آلسلام عليكم ورحمه آلله وبركآته ..

ممآ رآيت من معآنآتنآ نحن آلطآلبآت من مآده آلآقتصآد آلجزئي لعدم وجود آلكتآب وكذآلك عدم آلفهم

حآولت جآهده آن آعمل هذه آلملخصآت لصفحآت آلمهمه وآلتي تم تحديدهآ من قبل دكتورتنآ لبنى آبو آلعلا

وحآولت آيضآ آن آجمع كل مآيهم في تلك آلصفحآت

وقد لخصت صفحه 2 وآلتى تعتبر آولى آلصفحآت آلمهمه...

Economics
Page 2
Chapter one

Definition of Economics:
All economic quesstion arise becouse we want more the we can get

But we have
 Limited time
 Limited incomes we earn
 Price we must pay

We can get as society is limited by our productive resourse

Resourse
 Nature
 Human laber
 Ingenuting
 Tloos
 Equipement

Scarcity
Our inability to satisfay all our needs(wants)

Ex:
Socitey faces scarcity,parrots face scarcity

Bucause the society faces scarcity we must choose between available alternatives

Ex:
The millionaire must choose the golf game or meeting

Socitey we must choose between
A)Health car
B)National defense
c)education

The choices that we make depand on the incentives that we face

Incentives:
Reward that encourages an action or penalty that discourages one

Economics:
The social sience that studies the choices that individuals , businesses , Governments , and all societies make as they cope with scarcity and the incentives that influence those choices.

Economics divides into two main parts

A)Microeconomics
B)Macroeconomics

Microeconomics:
The study of choies the individuals and businsses make , the way these choices interact markets , and influence of governments.

Macroeconomics:
Is the study of the performance of the National economy , and Global economy.

7oooor · 21-10-2010, 02:47 PM

آلترجمه لمآ كتب آنفآ..

تعريف آلآقتصآد..
جميع آلمعآدلات آلاقتصآديه تظهر بسبب آننآ نحتآج آلى آكثر ممآ نحصل عليه

ولكن لدينآ 1- وقت محدود
2- ودخل مكتسب محدود
3- آسعآر لابد آن تدفع

مآنحصل عليه نحن آلمجتمع عبآره عن شئ محدود من مصآدرنآ آلآنتآجيه

وقد تكون هذه آلمصآدر
1- طبيعيه
2- من صنع آلآنسآن
3- برآعه آخترىع
4- آدوآت
5- معدآت

وكل هذه تؤدي آلي آلمنتجآت

آلنـــدره:

وهو عدم آمكآنيه تلبيه جميع آلآحتيآجآت..

مثآل ... آلمجتمع يوآجه ندره و آلبغبغآت توآجه ندره

ولان آلمجتمع يوآجه آلندره لابد من آلآختيآر بين ىلبدآئل آلمتآحه(آلفرص آلمتآحه)

آلمجتمع لابد آن يختآر بين ..

1- آلآهتمآم بصحه

2- آلدفآع آلوطني

3- آلتعليم

.. آلفرصه آلتى نتخذهآ تعــتمد على آلحوآفز آلتي توآجهنآ...

آلحوآفز هي..

آلمكآفآت آلتى تشجع على آلعمل آو تمنع من آلعمل

آلآقتصـــــــآد...

هو علم آلآجتمآع آلذي يدرس فرص آلآفرآد وآلآعمآل وآلحكومآت وكآفه آلمجتمع آلتي تسآعدنــآ على

آلتغلب على آلندره وآلحوآفز آلتي تؤثر علي آلفرصه(آلآختيآر)

وآلآقتصآآآد ينقسم آلي قسمين..

1- آقتصآآآد جزئي

2- آقتصآآد كلي

آلآقتصآد آلجزئي...

هوو آلعلم آلي يدرس آلآختيآر ..

آلآقتصآد آلكلي..

هوو آلعلم آلذي يقوم آو يؤدي لـ آلآقتصآد آلوطني و آلآقتصآد آلعآلمي

هذي آلترجمه...

آن آصبت فمن آلله وآن آخطآت فآلعذر وآلسموحه...

يتبع بقيه آلصفحآت آلمهمه

TURKI ALharbi · 21-10-2010, 03:28 PM

جهد جبار
يعطيك الف عافيه
ننتظر البقيه

star9 · 21-10-2010, 03:30 PM

جزاك الله خير والله يوفقك

7oooor · 21-10-2010, 08:04 PM

وهذي شرح آلصفحه 3

Economics
Page 3
Chapter 1
Two Big Economic Question…
Choies determining what , how ,and for whom goods and services are produced.
What ,how ,and for whom ??
Goods and services…
Are the objects that people value and produce to satisfy human wants(needs)
Goods..are physical objects sush as cell phons ,food,chair,golf bals…..ect
Services..are tasks performed for people such as cell phons services,haircating, health car..…ect

What to produce….?
As a result of scarcity we must choose what to produce….
A)that means choosing need that must be satisfied …
B)choices depond on incentives…
C)prices and profits are important incentives in free economy…

How to produce…?
Goods and services are produced by using productive resources that economists call
(factors of production)

Factors of production…
A)land
B)labor
c)capital
E)entrpreneurship

Land…the nature that we use to produce good and services …
Ex..
Oil,Coal,water, are ..ect

Our land surface and water resources are renewable and some of mineral resources can recycled But the resources that we use to create energy are nonrenewable they can be used only once…

Labor… the work time and work effort that people devort to producting goods and services …

The quality of labor depends on human capital which is the knowledge and skill that people obtain (gain) from educarion , and work experience…

Human capital expands over time…
Capital … the tools , machines , building, and other construction that businesses use to produce goods and services…

Financial capital…we talk about mony , stocks , and bonds as beig (capital)

Entrepreneurship…the human resource that organizes labor, land , and capital…

For whom to produce…?
Goods and services that are depends on incoms that people earn

Large incoms ……large option …..large quantities
Small incoms….. small option…small quantities

People earn their incomes by selling the services of the factors of production they own..
A)land earn rent
B)labor earn wages
C)capital earn interest
E)Entrepreneurship